MU
Environment: (Pre-Cataclysmic Age)
Continent
located in the Eastern Ocean (modern Pacific Ocean); (after the Great
Cataclysm) submerged continent located in the Pacific Ocean
Dominant Life Form: Humans, Deviants,
Gigantus’ race
Significant Inhabitants: Astarta, Gigantus,
Karlak,
Valron
First Appearance: (historical) "Queen M’oo and
the Egyptian Sphinx" (1896) by Augustus Le Plongeon, (Marvel Universe)
Namora#1/2 (August, 1948)
History: (Note: Text in italics is derived from the
novel "The
Isle of the Eons" by Robert E. Howard)
(Marvel Preview#19 - BTS) <Hundreds of thousands
of years ago> - When the Serpent Men nation of Valusia was already
ancient, the isles of the sea in the Western Ocean (modern Atlantic
Ocean) and Eastern Ocean (modern Pacific Ocean) emerged from the watery
depths, forming the mountainous peaks of the respective continents
Atlantis and Mu. The continent of Mu apparently later partially
submerged or had broken up, forming the smaller land masses of Mu,
Lemuria
and the Lemurian Isles.
(Scientific theory) <Tens of thousands of years
ago> - The exodus of the human race out of Africa, which began circa
60,000 BC, guided the eventual migration of mankind to every continent
upon Earth (except Antarctica, although the alien Nuwali had relocated
humans to the Savage Land circa 200,000 BC). Among the continents
inhabited by humankind is Mu, which eventually developed a civilization
and culture during the Pre-Cataclysmic Age.
(Savage Sword of Conan#39/2 - BTS) <Tens of
thousands of years ago> - The inhabitants of Mu constructed cities
of
crimson walls.
(The Isle of the
Eons) <Tens of thousands of years ago> - During the
Pre-Cataclysmic Age, the continent of Mu was populated by millions of
humans in twenty cities, including its capital of Karath the Shining
City. The humans primarily worshipped the sea god Poseidon, as
well as numerous other gods including Hotath (god of war), Valka (god
of fertility and growth), Zukala
(disposer of souls), and the Moon-Woman and her sisters, the Star
Maidens. The kings of Mu were overthrown by the usurper Nyulah, who had
Na-hor, the City of the Crescent Moon, constructed upon the mountain of
Valla. The worship of Xultha the Ape God supplanted that of Poseidon,
and its high priest Nayah became powerful upon his study of ancient
lore, dispatching his priests to establish shrines to the dark god in
many lands, including the Atlantis, the Islands of the Seas, and the
Seven Empires (but not Valusia). Nayah, dwelling in Na-hor, discovered
the elixir of life, granting immortality to both himself and the
bestial Xulthar, the last of the sons of Xultha.
(Conan the Barbarian I#71 (fb)) <Tens of
thousands of years ago> - Astarta, the daughter of a king of Mu, was
betrothed to the Sea-God
worshipped by her people, so ancient and
awesome that his worshippers have forgotten his very name. On the night
of their wedding, a manifestation of the Sea-God granted Astarta life
everlasting and then returned her home, where the now immortal Astarta
found that she now outlived her loved ones.
(Kull the Conqueror I#1) <circa 18,500 BC> -
The military forces of Valusia included the Red Slayers and the elite
Black Legion, but their might was supplemented by mercenaries from
other
nations, including warriors from Mu and Kaa-U, and archers from
Lemuria. Kull, the king of Valusia, led these forces on a procession
through the City of Wonders.
(Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe Deluxe
Edition#7, Blockbusters of the Marvel Universe) <Between
circa 18,500 BC to 18,000 BC> - Lemuria and Mu became dominated by
the Deviant
Empire, which conquered most of the
human nations of the Earth in the centuries
following the reign of Kull. The Deviants forced many of the conquered
peoples to serve in armies to attack other human nations.
(Marvel Tales I#144 - BTS) <circa 18,000 BC> -
Valron, an architect of Mu, had the city of Para-Diss constructed
somewhere away from the Muvian continent. Para-Diss, a beautiful
otherworldly city
of marble and alabaster, was alive, capable of sustaining its populace
and keeping them content with music, lights and other wonders.
(Blockbusters of the Marvel Universe) <circa 18,000 BC> - The
Muvian people also allegedly constructed an undersea realm, which
thousands of years later was the home to the people of Gigantus.
(Sub-Mariner I#62/2-63/2) <circa 18,000 BC> - The Deviant
Empire launched a massive assault on Atlantis, the only remaining human
civilization to resist their campaign of conquest. The human
mercenaries of Mu commanded the naval assault while those from Lemuria
attacked from the air. King Kamuu of Atlantis ordered the magma pits
beneath the capital city opened to destroy the invaders, but this
caused seismic upheavals.
(Eternals I#2 (fb), Incredible Hercules#123 (fb)) <circa 18,000
BC> - As Kamuu opened the magma pits, Atlantean sorcerers attempted
to
harness the power of the Axis Mundi, and the Celestial Second Host
detonated a powerful nuclear weapon in Lemuria. These events and other
factors contribute to the Great Cataclysm,
causing severe tectonic
upheavals across the Earth.
(Namora I#1/2 (fb), Conan the Barbarian I#71 (fb)) <circa
18,000 BC> - As the oceans swallowed Atlantis and Lemuria during the
Great Cataclysm, the continent of Mu is also consumed, descending
beneath the ocean waves of the Eastern Ocean.
(Namora I#1/2 (fb)) <circa 18,000 BC> - The war-like
inhabitants of the continent of Mu were destroyed by earthquakes and
tidal waves, but some of its inhabitants preserved a city, also named
Mu,
which was spared destruction as it was enclosed within a protective
dome. The human culture within the domed city, led by a ruling council,
eventually adapted to their lives within the submerged city.
(Conan the Barbarian I#71 (fb)) <circa 18,000 BC> - Despite the
continent of Mu sinking beneath the ocean waves, Astarta was spared its
destruction by her beloved Sea-God, who transported her to the island
of
Kelka in the Western Ocean. The inhabitants of the island, who claimed
descent from the mainlanders of the Thurian continent, believed her to
be their goddess Ashtoreth and began worshipping her, but the priests
of Ashtoreth saw her as a threat to their authority and imprisoned her
within a tower for millennia.
(Marvel Tales I#144 - BTS) <circa 18,000 BC> - With the coming
of terrible earthquakes resulting from the Great Cataclysm, the
architect Valron was forced to abandon the city of Para-Diss before
anyone could live within it. The city was alive and remained alone for
millennia.
(The Isle of the Eons) <circa
18,000 BC> - The city of Na-hor survived the submergence of Mu, as
it was constructed upon the mountain of Valla, the mountain top
becoming an island. Of the inhabitants of Na-hor, most stayed upon the
isle for ages, ruled by a succession of kings and dwelling in ease and
idleness, while others departed to abode on other islands and new
continents hurled out of the ocean depths. The immortal priest Nayah
and the bestial Xulthar remained upon the island for millennia.
(The Isle of the Eons) <Between circa 14,000 BC to 9500 BC> -
During the Hyborian Age, the people who had
departed Na-hor for other lands were slaughtered by savages from the
north, the Nordheimr. On the isle of Na-hor, after dwelling there for
ages, the race of Mu eventually died off. The immortal priest Nayah,
responsible for the sacrifice of the last children of Mu to the god
Xultha, remained upon the island for centuries, alone with the bestial
Xulthar, last son of the dark god. After an age the seas were filled
with war fleets of Nordheimr barbarians. Their vessels were destroyed
upon the reef surrounding the Na-hor and two surviving barbarians made
their way to the island, but they were slain by Xulthar. After
centuries, a second Nordheimr war fleet was again destroyed on the reef
and another pair of barbarians escape to the isle. Nayah used sorcery
to force them to kill one another, and he realized that throughout the
ages, two reincarnated Nordheimr warriors will continue to return to
Na-hor.
(Conan the Barbarian I#71) <circa 10,000 BC> - During the
Hyborian Age,
Conan and Bêlit encountered the immortal Astarta,
imprisoned for millennia on the island of Kelka. Astarta told them of
her origins and they freed her. After the death of Akkheba, the latest
in the line of the priests of Ashtoreth who had imprisoned and tortured
her, Astarta called upon her husband the Sea-God, who destroyed the
island of Kelka with floods. Conan and Bêlit escaped to their
vessel the Tigress, and
Astarta was finally reunited with her husband
after millennia.
(Historical) <1896> - After claiming he had translated ancient
Mayan writings, archaeologist Augustus Le Plongeon forwarded his theory
of the submerged continent of Mu in his book "Queen M’oo and the
Egyptian Sphinx," determining the name "Mu" from an apparent
mistranslation of the Troano Codex (one of the Maya codices, written
records of Maya civilization) by Charles Étienne Brasseur de
Bourbourg. The concept of Mu was later popularized and expanded upon by
occult writer James Churchward with the book "Lost Continent of Mu, the
Motherland of Man" (1926), "The Children of Mu" (1931) and "The Sacred
Symbols of Mu" (1933).
(The Isle of the Eons) <1929> -
The sea vessel Vagabond,
several days out of Tahiti, was destroyed by a hurricane in the Pacific
Ocean. The only survivors were two men, an American referred to as
"Yank," and a man from the Netherlands known as the "Dutchman" or
"Dutchy." After they were washed upon the shore of an island in the
South Seas, both men discovered the remnants of an ancient
civilization,
but found themselves hunted. The Dutchman, an explorer taught by his
mentor, Professor von Kaelmann, how to decipher the dead language of
Mu, discovered from hieroglyphs and ancient writings that they were
upon
the isle of Na-hor. Yank and the Dutchman realized that in prior
incarnations during the Hyborian Age, they had been Nordheimr
barbarians who had come to this land to be slain by the priest Nayah or
the bestial Xulthar, both made immortal by elixir of life. The two men,
both of Nordheimr (and later Germanic) descent, resolved to recover the
elixir of life and destroy Nayah and Xulthar.
(Namora I#1/2) <1948> - The high priest Karlak of the domed
underwater city of Mu in
the Pacific Ocean convinced the ruling
council
to allow him to lead an attack against the surface world. After a
failed attempt to abduct Namor the Sub-Mariner and Namora, Karlak later
led Muvian soldiers in an attack on Pearl Harbor in Hawaii, but they
were
forced to retreat by Sub-Mariner, Namora and the American military.
Karlak and his forces retreated back to their underwater city, but
Sub-Mariner and Namora pursued them, and as Namor confronted him before
the ruling council, Karlak was slain by an accidental discharge of his
electric gun.
(Journey Into Mystery I#63 - BTS) - At some period prior to the
mid-twentieth century, part of the submerged continent of Mu became
inhabited by a race of gigantic creatures (of which Gigantus was one
of). Dwelling within an underwater city ruled by a monarch, these
creatures, who are five hundred feet tall and number in the thousands,
claimed to have once lived on the surface, but it is possible that they
were actually mutates created by the Deviants.
(Marvel Tales I#144) <1955> - Joe and Andy were a pair of
fishermen on a holiday miles from civilization. They came across the
otherworldly city of Para-Diss, constructed by Muvian architect Valron,
but
abandoned for millennia after the Great Cataclysm. The fishermen
discovered the city seemed to be alive, and it cared for them for
several
days, keeping them entertained and contented. However, the pair decided
to return to their lives in the outside world, and the city of
Para-Diss, broken-hearted, crumbled into dust as they departed.
(Marvel Universe#7) <1956> - The Monster
Hunters (Ulysses
Bloodstone, Doctor Druid, Zawadi)
tracked the Eternal Makkari, abducted
by the Deviant Kro, to Monster Island. The monster Gigantus, one of the
race of gigantic creatures dwelling within their submerged city on Mu,
rose from the ocean waves to intercept them. Bloodstone used their
aircraft’s engines to scorch Gigantus, who subsequently returned to the
oceans depths.
(Journey Into Mystery I#63 (fb)) <1960> - The monarch of the
submerged city of gigantic creatures dwelling on Mu underneath the
Pacific Ocean ordered Gigantus to venture to the surface world to
herald
the coming of their conquering race.
(Journey Into Mystery I#63) <1960> - Gigantus arrived off the
Atlantic coast and informed humanity that his race intended to conquer
the surface world. He was confronted by the even more massive alien "Ulvar,"
who claimed that his race too intended to conquer the Earth. The
outmatched Gigantus fled back to Mu, unaware that Ulvar was actually a
prop constructed by special effects man Mr. Baxter.
(Fantastic Four I#347 - BTS) - <The Modern Age> Sometime after
his retreat from Ulvar, Gigantus became one of the monsters under the
dominion of the Mole Man (perhaps due to his failure to conquer the
world for his race).
Comments: Created by Augustus Le Plongeon;
originally adapted for the Marvel Universe by artist Syd Shores and an
unknown writer.
The concept and name of Mu was proposed by archaeologist and writer Augustus Le Plongeon (1825-1908),
who claimed that Mu was a hypothetical continent
that submerged beneath the Atlantic Ocean before recorded history. Engineer and occult writer James Churchward (1851-1936) later
expanded upon Le Plongeon’s concept of Mu,
asserting that the continent was actually located in the Pacific Ocean.
Le Plongeon and Churchward both claimed that
Mu was inhabited by an ancient people named the Naacal, and that Naacal
refugees founded the ancient Babylonian, Egyptian, Indian, Mayan and
Persian civilizations.
Kull tells Karon the Ferryman in Marvel Preview#19 that "Valusia was
old when the peaks of Atlantis and ancient Mu were but the isles of the
sea... the land I now rule was once lorded over the the terrible
Serpent-Men." Thus Atlantis and Mu arose from the ocean depths sometime
after the Serpent Men were created by Sligguth "approximately 1 million
years BC" (Marvel Zombies: The Book of Angels, Demons, & Various
Monstrosities: Set). Lemuria was depicted on a map as part of the
"pre-cataclysmic continent of Mu" (Official Handbook of the Marvel
Universe: Deluxe Edition#7: Lemuria), and "in the distant past, it was
part of the continent Mu" (Marvel Atlas#1: Lemuria (Deviant)). Thongor
dwelled in prehistoric Lemuria "half a million years ago" (Creatures on
the Loose#24). Therefore, Atlantis, Mu and Lemuria arose sometime
between one million to five hundred thousand years ago.
The scientific theory of human evolution argues that the human race
(homo sapiens) first appeared in Africa circa 200,000 BC, and that
migration out of Africa began circa 60,000 BC, as humans ventured
across Asia, Australia, Europe, North America and South America over
the following tens of thousands of years. Upon Earth-616, this
presumably also includes Atlantis, Lemuria and Mu, and humans were also
relocated to the Savage Land before the Nuwali departed in "200,000 BC"
(Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe A To Z#10). Human origins
are
expanded upon in Uncanny X-Men Annual II#1, which establishes the
human race was spawned in a valley in Kenya, wherein dwells the
matrilineal family line of Storm (Ororo Iqadi T’Challa, née
Munroe). Other sources that claim responsibility for the creation of
humanity are the Fortisquians (Fantastic Four I#316), the Xorri (Thor
I#215), and numerous pantheons of gods.
Conan and Bêlit encounter Astarta in Conan the Barbarian I#71
during the Hyborian Age circa 10,000 BC. Exactly when Astarta became
immortal is unrevealed, but must be at least several decades before the
Great Cataclysm, as she mentioned that "my once-playmates grew old and
grey and withered about me."
Mu was stated to have sunk "ten thousand years ago" in Namora I#1/2,
but the actual date of the Great Cataclysm was circa 18,000 BC.
Para-Diss was abandoned "thousands of years ago" in Marvel Tales I
#144.
There were no dates given for some of the stories occurring with the
twentieth century, so they were placed during the actual year of
publication
in Namora I#1/2 (1948), Marvel Tales I#144 (1955) and Journey Into
Mystery I#63 (1960). The year the Monster Hunters encountered
Gigantus was unrevealed in Marvel Universe#7, but is established as
1956 in Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe: Fantastic Four 2005:
Mole Man.
During the original publication of Journey Into Mystery I#63, the
creature was named "Goliath" and came from Atlantis; with the reprint
in Where Monsters Dwell#10, the creature was renamed "Gigantus" (a
name retained during later appearances) and was from Mu, but ironically
he still appeared "off the Atlantic coast." The origin of Gigantus’
race is unrevealed, but in Journey Into Mystery I#63 the monarch
stated that "for now we have decided to come to the surface... to
conquer the land and live on it as our ancestors did"; it is possible
they were remnants of an ancient race that dwelled on Pre-Cataclysmic
Mu, or perhaps were among the mutates created by the Deviants.
Numerous references to Mu in the Marvel Universe are adapted from
stories by Robert E. Howard (REH), including the Kull stories "The
Shadow Kingdom" (Kull the Conqueror I#1-2) and "Riders Beyond the
Sunrise," (Marvel Preview#19) which was co-written by Lin Carter, and
the Solomon Kane story "The Moon of Skulls" (Savage Sword of Conan#34/2, #37/2, #39/2). "Marchers of Valhalla" was freely adapted into a
Conan story in Conan the Barbarian I#70-71, but the original story
was not set in Mu.
The mercenary forces were described in Kull the Conqueror I#1 as "the
motley files of the mercenaries -- fierce, wild-looking men who salute
no man or god." This comic is an adaptation of "The Shadow Kingdom" by
REH, in which they were originally described as "the motley files of
the mercenaries, fierce, wild-looking warriors, men of Mu and of Kaa-u
and of the hills of the east and the isles of the west" and "they bore
spears and heavy swords, and a compact group that marched somewhat
apart were the bowmen of Lemuria." Note that Kaa-u was mentioned by REH
only once, in his story "The Shadow Kingdom." The name is later used in
Marvel Premiere#5 as the location of the death of the Ancient One,
within the Crypts of Kaa-U, Tibet. During the Pre-Cataclysmic Age, the
land of Kaa-U, corresponding to modern Tibet, may geographically be
located in the eastern land of Grondar on the Thurian continent.
"A Gazetteer of the Hyborian Age, Part V" (Savage Sword of Conan#36)
describes Mu:
"MU - a land of Pre-Cataclysmic times. As yet,
nothing of it has been revealed in the Saga except its name."
"Atlantis and Lemuria and Mu" are briefly mentioned by the narrator in
Savage Sword of Conan#219/2 (1994), but are not depicted.
Text in italics is derived from the
incomplete novel "The Isle of the Eons" written by Robert E. Howard (REH), but is not necessarily canon within the Marvel
Universe.
However, as numerous Conan/Kull/Solomon Kane elements are within the
Marvel Universe, and this story does not
conflict with any established events, I have chosen to include its
use. REH developed an outline and wrote
five drafts between 1925 to 1929. The story first saw print in "The
Gods of Bal-Sagoth" (1979), and later in "The Dark Man: The Journal of
Robert E. Howard Studies v3#1" (2006). Numerous gods of Mu referred to
in "The Isle of the Eons" are depicted or named in the Marvel Universe;
Hotath was first mentioned in Kull the Conqueror I#1, the Moon-Woman
(as the Woman in the Moon) was first mentioned in Kull the Conqueror I
#1 and first appeared in Kull the Destroyer#16, Poseidon (Neptune)
first appeared in Kid Komics#1, Valka was first mentioned in Creatures
on the Loose#10, and Zukala first appeared in Conan the Barbarian I
#5.
The events of "The Isle of the Eons"
occur during the twentieth century (as no date was provided, we used
the contemporary year of 1929, although one draft instead depicted Yank
and the Dutchman as survivors of sunken American and German ships
respectively during World War I), and the events of the prehistoric
past are translated from hieroglyphs and an ancient scroll, describing
the ancient continent of Mu both before and after the Great Cataclysm
(established in Marvel Comics as circa 18,000 BC). The events prior to
the Great Cataclysm, tens of thousands of years ago, were also before
the reign of Kull circa 18,500 BC, due to references to "ancient
Valusia where men bowed to the Serpents," "the heathen land of
Atlantis," and Mu possessing "a great civilization when the Atlanteans
were still savages." The origin of the "savages... from the north" and
"the northern barbarians" that assaulted the isle of Na-hor remain
unrevealed, but as the Dutchman was described as being of Germanic
descent ("like many Germans and Dutchmen, he was practically
hairless"), and Nayah wrote "the curse of Xultha is upon them and upon
their tribe" (referring to the northern barbarians), it is apparent
that Yank, the Dutchman and their barbarian predecessors are of
Nordheimer (later Germanic) descent; the Nordheimer (the Hyborian era
Aesir and Vanir) first appeared
during the Hyborian Age, which is established as circa 14,000-9500 BC
in the essay "The Hyborian
Age" by Roy Thomas
(adapted from the more extensive version of "The Hyborian Age" by
Robert Howard), depicted in Savage Sword of Conan#7-8, #12, #15-17.
The continent of Mu has also been referenced in
the Cthulhu Mythos, notably within the short
story "Out of the Aeons"
(1935) was written by Hazel Heald and revised by
Howard Philip Lovecraft,
and the series of short stories of the Xothic legend
cycle written by Lin Carter: "The Dweller in the Tomb" (1971), "Out of the Ages" (1975), "The Horror in the Gallery" (1976), "The Thing in the Pit" (1980), and "The Winfield Heritance" (1981).
Often elements of the Cthulhu Mythos
have appeared within the Marvel Universe.
The geographical location of the continent of Mu has
been shown twice. The first map (Official
Handbook of the Marvel Universe: Deluxe Edition#7: Lemuria) is
probably the most accurate image, the clear dotted line depicting the
coastline of the "pre-cataclysmic continent of
Mu" prior to the Great Cataclysm. The purple dotted lines depict the
borders of the modern territories of "homo
mermanus Lemuria" and "Deviant Lemuria," but it
should be noted that these territorial borders
are markedly different in Marvel Atlas#1. The
second map (Namora#1/2) was viewed by Karlak,
who stated "these ancient maps show
the position of the nearest land mass to our island," referring to the
islands of Hawaii.
The geophysical history of Earth-616 probably parallels that of the
real world, also called Earth-1218 (New Exiles#1) or Earth-Prime (Flash v1#179 from DC Comics), albeit with
modifications necessary to accommodate Marvel Earth’s parallel history.
The first supercontinent Vaalbara arose from the prehistoric oceans
circa 3.6 billion BC (not to be confused with the landmass that formed
from the molten crust when the Creator hurled his staff into the Earth
in Strange Tales IV#2). This continent eventually broke apart and new
land masses emerged and submerged back into the oceans as tectonic
plates shifted, forming a succession of new continents over the
following billions of years. The most recent supercontinent Pangaea
(not to be confused with Pangea of the Savage Land) began to break up
circa 180 million BC, with the modern continents gradually shifting to
their modern locations, but the continents of Atlantis and Lemuria and
Mu remained unseen beneath the watery depths as the other continents
shifted (Adventures of the X-Men
#12). The continental drift of Earth-616 diverged from that of the real
world some hundreds of thousands of years ago, which caused Atlantis,
Lemuria and Mu to arise from the ocean waves (Marvel Preview#19),
which may have also caused geophysical alterations to the cartography
of Eurasia (Thuria) and partially submerged North America (Pictish
Isles) during the Pre-Cataclysmic Age. Antarctica (Pangea) was also
known to the Atlanteans during the late Pre-Cataclysmic Age (Official
Handbook of the Marvel Universe#1). The geographical status of Africa, Australia
and South America during the Pre-Cataclysmic Age
has not yet been confirmed, but they probably
remained unsubmerged to account for the modern existence of indigenous
life and the migration of humankind. The
enigmatic Nameless Continent located east of Thuria, the homeland
of the "East Folk" (later the Stygians), has been referred to on maps
(Kull the Conqueror I#2, Savage Sword of Conan#7/2), but its
specific location is unknown, and a "mythic continent" located south of
Thuria has also been mentioned (Kull the Conqueror I#5). After the
Great Cataclysm circa 18,000 BC, Atlantis, Lemuria and Mu returned to
the depths, while the cartography of the world was again radically
altered. During the Hyborian Age, Conan dwelled mainly in the lands of Eurasia (Thuria) and Africa (Kush),
but during his adventures he had also visited each of the other known
continents, including Antarctica (the Frozen
Land; Conan the Savage#2/2-4/2), Australia (the Unknown Land; Savage
Sword of Conan#190-193), North America (Novum Terra; Savage
Sword of Conan#167-168, Conan of the Isles, Conan the Savage#10)
and South America (Terra Incognita; Savage Sword of Conan#166).
After the Post-Hyborian Cataclysm circa 9500 BC, the remaining
continents appear to have settled into their recognizable modern
configuration, with only the occasional variation such as the brief
rising of Atlantis
(Namor the Sub-Mariner#62).
Profile by Wolfram Bane.
CLARIFICATIONS:
Mu has no known connections to
- MU, an
abbreviation for the Marvel Universe (aka Reality-616)
images:
Namora I#1/2, p2, panel 1
Namora I#1/2, p2, panel 3
Conan the Barbarian I#71, p11, panel 3
Official
Handbook of the Marvel Universe: Deluxe Edition#7, p26, panel 1
Namora I#1/2, p5, panel 7
Other Appearances:
Namora#1/2 (August, 1948) - Syd Shores (penciler, inker)
Marvel Tales I#144 (March, 1956) - Stan Lee? (writer), Al Williamson
and Roy G. Krenkel (pencilers, inkers)
Journey Into Mystery I#63 (December, 1960) - Jack Kirby (penciler),
Steve Ditko (inker)
Kull the Conqueror I#1 (June, 1971) - Roy Thomas (writer), Ross Andru
(penciler), Wally Wood (inker), Samuel Rosen (letterer), Marie Severin
(colorist), Stan Lee (editor)
Where Monsters Dwell#10 (July, 1971) - Jack Kirby (penciler), Steve
Ditko (inker)
Sub-Mariner I#62/2 (June, 1973) - Howard Chaykin (writer, penciler),
Steve Gerber (writer), Joe Sinnott (inker), John Costanza (letterer)
Sub-Mariner I#63/2 (July, 1973) - Bill Everett (writer), Steve Gerber
(writer), Joe Sinnott (inker), Howard Chaykin (penciler), John Costanza
(letterer)
Eternals I#2 (August, 1976) - Jack Kirby (writer, penciler, editor),
John Verpoorten (inker), John Costanza (letterer), Glynis Wein
(colorist), Marv Wolfman (consulting editor)
Conan the Barbarian I#71 (February, 1977) - Roy Thomas (writer,
editor), John Buscema (penciler), Ernie Chan (inker), John Costanza
(letterer), Michele Wolfman (colorist)
Savage Sword of Conan#39/2 (April, 1979) - Don Glut (writer), David
Wenzel (penciler, inker)
Marvel Preview#19 (Summer, 1979) - Roy Thomas (writer), Sal Buscema
(penciler), Antony De Zuniga (inker)
Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe: Deluxe Edition#7 (June,
1986) - Mark Gruenwald, Peter Sanderson and others (writers)
Fantastic Four I#347 (December, 1990) - Walter Simonson (writer),
Arthur Adams (penciler), Art Thibert (inker), Ralph Macchio (editor),
Steve Buccellato (colorist), Bill Oakley (letterer)
Marvel Universe#7 (December, 1998) - Roger Stern (writer), Jason
Armstrong (penciler), Mike Manley (inker), James Novak (letterer),
Gloria Vasquez (colorist), Tom Brevoort (editor)
Marvel Atlas#1 (January, 2008) - Anthony Flamini, Michael Hoskin, Eric
J. Moreel, Stuart Vandal and others (writers)
Incredible Hercules#123 (January, 2009) - Greg Pak and Fred Van Lente
(writers), Clayton Henry (penciler), Salvador Espin (inker), Joe
Caramagna (letterer)
Blockbusters of the Marvel Universe (March, 2011) - Jeff Christiansen,
Mike O’Sullivan and others (writers)
Any Additions/Corrections? please let
me know.
First Posted: 12/11/2011
Last Updated: 12/11/2011
Non-Marvel Copyright info
All characters mentioned or pictured are ™ and © 1941-2099 Marvel
Characters, Inc. All Rights Reserved. If you like this stuff, you
should check out the real thing!
Please visit The Marvel Official Site at: http://www.marvel.com
Special Thanks to www.g-mart.com for hosting the Appendix, Master List, etc.!
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